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Background@#Domestic yaks are the most important livestock species on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Adult female yaks normally breed in the warm season (July to September) and enter anestrous in the cold season (November to April). Nevertheless, it is unclear how ovarian activity is regulated at the molecular level. @*Objectives@#The peculiarities of yak reproduction were assessed to explore the molecular mechanism of postpartum anestrus ovaries in yaks after pregnancy and parturition. @*Methods@#Sixty female yaks with calves were observed under natural grazing in Haiyan County, Qinghai Province. Three yak ovaries in pregnancy and postpartum anestrus were collected. RNA sequencing and quantitative proteomics were employed to analyze the pregnancy and postpartum ovaries after hypothermia to identify the genes and proteins related to the postpartum ovarian cycle. @*Results@#The results revealed 841 differentially expressed genes during the postpartum hypoestrus cycle; 347 were up-regulated and 494 genes were down-regulated. Fifty-seven differential proteins were screened: 38 were up-regulated and 19 were down-regulated. The differential genes and proteins were related to the yak reproduction process, rhythm process, progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway categories. @*Conclusions@#Transcriptome and proteomic sequencing approaches were used to investigate postpartum anestrus and pregnancy ovaries in yaks. The results confirmed that BHLHE40, SF1IX1, FBPX1, HSPCA, LHCGR, BMP15, and ET-1R could affect postpartum hypoestrus and control the state of estrus.
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In recent decades, the development of the neurosurgery has changed from the traditional anatomical model to the modern anatomical-functional model. The nerve functions are maximally protected while lesions are removed as far as possible. Neurophysiological monitoring especially somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) can directly reflect the integrity of the sensory and motor nerve conduction pathways of the nervous system. At present, it has been widely used in the neurosurgery, spinal surgery, vascular surgery and other surgical fields. In recent years, more and more clinical surgeries involved spinal surgery, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring could timely find any reversible spinal cord damage such as mechanical stretch, ischemia, and anesthetic drugs, which not only improve the quality of surgery, reduce iatrogenic spinal cord injury, but also greatly improve the prognosis of patients and reduce postoperative neurological dysfunction and complications. In this paper, the research progress of neural electrophysiological monitoring techniques in spinal cord surgery is reviewed.
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Objective To investigate the effectiveness and the best assessment time of the short-latency somatosensory evoked potential (SLSEP) and brainstem auditory-evoked potential (BAEP) in the prognosis prediction of patients with severe cerebrovascular disease. Methods A prospective trial was conducted. The patients with severe cerebrovascular disease and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) ≤ 8 and admitted to the neurological intensive care unit (NICU) of Armed Police Logistics College Affiliated Brain Hospital from December 2014 to May 2015 were enrolled. The patients received SLSEP and BAEP nerve electrophysiological examinations within 24 hours and on 3, 7, 15 days after admission respectively and were graded according to Cant method. GCS was evaluated within 24 hours and on 15 days after admission. The prognosis was evaluated by Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at six months after the onset of the disease. At different time windows after the onset of the disease, the correlations between different predictive indexes (GCS, SLSEP and BAEP) and outcome (GOS) were analyzed using spearman rank correlation; in the mean time, the efficacy for predicting the prognosis by single index or combined indexes was compared by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Seventy-eight patients were enrolled [men 46, women 32, age range (60.79±12.50) years old]. There were 78, 64, 44 and 19 patients observed at 24 hours and on 3, 7, 15 days after admission because the short-term death of some patients. The graded abnormal rate of SLSEP was 75.64%, 82.81%, 79.55% and 73.98% respectively; and the graded abnormal rate of BAEP was 82.05%, 84.38%, 85.94% and 73.68% respectively. ① Correlation analysis: all the predictors were correlated with GOS within 24 hours and on 3, 7, 15 days after admission, and SLSEP and BAEP grading were moderately correlated with GOS (0.4≤|R| < 0.7). ② The accuracy of the predicting prognosis: the area under the curve (AUC) of GCS on 15 days after admission [AUC = 0.772, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.561-0.984, P = 0.045] was the maximum when predicting survival. AUC of SLSEP (AUC = 0.825, 95%CI = 0.695-0.955, P = 0.000) and BAEP (AUC = 0.786, 95%CI = 0.646-0.927, P = 0.002) were the maximum on 7 days after admission when predicting death. ③ The effectiveness of the prognosis prediction: the sensitivity of SLSEP grading and BAEP grading were 92.6% and 96.3% respectively, while the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of SLSEP and BAEP combined prediction were 100% on 7 days after admission. The specificity of GCS was 100% on 15 days after admission. Conclusions SLSEP and BAEP have more close correlation with prognosis compared with the GCS; Continuous dynamic combined evaluation of SLSEP and BAEP has important clinical value for patients with severe cerebrovascular disease possess in the prognosis assessment, the accuracy and the effectiveness of SLSEP and BAEP combined prediction were higher on 7 days especially.
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@#Objective To study the effects of Danshen Shujingwan on cervical cord compression in rats. Methods 60 healthy male SD rats of 8 weeks old were randomly divided into 6 groups: sham group (N group), model group (M group), DSW groups of high, medium and low dosages, and group treated with Jingfukang (J group), with 10 rats in each. The cervical cord compression models were established by transplanted silica gel. From 7 d after model establishments, the rats were respectively treated with drug by gavage for 30 d. They were observed pathologically. Results The extent and scope of damage were less in the treatment groups than in the model group (P<0.001), while the number of normal neurons remained more in the treatment groups (P<0.01).Conclusion DSW can decrease the damage after cervical spinal cord compression, protect the neurons from injuring.
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Objective To observe the influence of Suifukang (SFK) on hemorheological change of rats induced spinal cord injury. Method Through half-transection spinal cord injury, the effects of SFK on hemorheological changes of 50 SD rats were observed. Results After injury, the hemorheological property was changed from lower coagulability to higher coagulability. After administrated with SFK, the hemorheological property was changed from higher coagulability to lower coagulability. Conclusion SFK could effectively reverse the abnormal hemorheological status into normal one.
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Objective:This study aimed to develop a Chinese version of Quality of life in Epilepsy Inventory(QOLIE-89) and to confirm its psychometric properties.Methods:The original English version QOLIE-89 was adapted to Chinese language through a translation back-translation procedure. The assessment included 204 patients with epilepsy .The test-retest and internal consistency reliabilities, criterion validity and discriminative validity were assessed.Results:The test-retest reliability (Pearson's correlation coefficient) for Chinese version QOLIE-89 was 0.63-0.95 and internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) was 0.76-0.92. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the Chinese version of QOLIE-89 was composed of three dimensions(CMIN/DF=2.17,GFI=0.98, AGFI=0.90, CFI=0.98,RMSEA=0.061), which were physiology, psychology and social function that including 17 factors obtained by exploration analysis ,which can explained 71.91% of total variance. Spearman's rank correlations between Chinese version QOLIE-89 total score and QOLIE-31 total score was 0.96 and domain scores were from 0.86-1.00.QOLIE-89 items could be discriminated well between patients according to epileptic seizures severity and antiepileptic drug side effects.Conclusion:The psychometric properties of the Chinese version QOLIE-89 inventory are fairly good and similar to the American version and can be applied to assess quality of life for adult patients with epilepsy in China.
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Objective To analyse the clincal and electroencephalographic characteristics of temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE).Methods Totally 145 patinets with TLE were included in our study.The clinical data,electroencephalographic and neuroimaging investigations were described in detail.Results The kinds of temporal lobe seizures included simple partial,complex partial and generalized tonic clonic.Complex partial seizure was the most common one.The main etiological factors related to 45 patients with lesional TLE were cerebrovascular disease,intracranial infection and trauma etc.Twenty-nine patients had hippocampal sclerosis in the non-lesional TLE group.The electroencephalography recording for TLE showed the presence of interictal epileptic paroxysms discharges over the temporal areas.Conclusion TLE is a syndrome with a variety of clinical manifestations and etiology.Comprehensive diagnosis and therapy are crucial in clinical practice.